焊接裝配線

陸甲提示： 汽車焊接生產(chǎn)線主要是白車身焊接，是由車體骨架、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)罩、行李箱蓋、左右門外板焊接總成共同組成的。而車體骨架結(jié)構(gòu)是由地板焊接總成，左右前縱梁及輪罩焊接總成，左右側(cè)圍焊接總成，前圍焊接總成，頂蓋及前后橫梁、后擋板、左右后縱梁及后輪罩焊接總成，后圍焊接總成所構(gòu)成。

汽車焊接生產(chǎn)線主要是白車身焊接，是由車體骨架、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)罩、行李箱蓋、左右門外板焊接總成共同組成的。而車體骨架結(jié)構(gòu)是由地板焊接總成，左右前縱梁及輪罩焊接總成，左右側(cè)圍焊接總成，前圍焊接總成，頂蓋及前后橫梁、后擋板、左右后縱梁及后輪罩焊接總成，后圍焊接總成所構(gòu)成。

焊接是現(xiàn)代機(jī)械制造業(yè)中一種必要的工藝方法， 在汽車制造中得到應(yīng)用。 隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，焊接新工藝、新材料、新方法不斷運(yùn)用在汽車制造中，鍍層鋼板、輕金屬材料的焊接 問題，高分子材料、復(fù)合材料、異種材料、特種材料對(duì)汽車焊接提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。而汽車焊 接過程中的機(jī)器人與自動(dòng)化技術(shù)使汽車焊接面貌大為改觀。

汽車焊接生產(chǎn)線在車身焊接技術(shù)上包括普通的焊接原理其實(shí)就是將金屬液化，然后冷卻后溶為一起。汽車的車身是由上下左右四塊鋼板焊接而成的，普通的焊接都是點(diǎn)焊，通過一個(gè)一個(gè)得焊點(diǎn)把鋼板連接到一起。激光焊接則是利用激光的高溫，將兩塊鋼板內(nèi)的分子結(jié)構(gòu)打亂，分子重新排列使得兩塊鋼板中的分子溶為一體。所以從物理學(xué)上講，激光焊接是把兩塊鋼板變成了一塊鋼板，因此相比普通焊接來說，擁有更高的強(qiáng)度。直接焊接設(shè)備指使用此類設(shè)備使工件通過焊接的方式粘合在一起的焊接設(shè)備，在汽車制造中直接焊接設(shè)備類包括有：懸掛式點(diǎn)焊機(jī)、自動(dòng)焊、點(diǎn)焊機(jī)器人、弧焊機(jī)器人、中頻焊機(jī)、油箱自動(dòng)縫焊機(jī)、固定式螺母凸焊機(jī)、螺柱焊機(jī)等。

汽車焊接生產(chǎn)線電阻電焊汽車車身裝焊包括車架、地板、側(cè)圍、車門及車身總成合焊等的裝配焊接，在裝焊生產(chǎn)過程中大量采用了電阻點(diǎn)焊工藝。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)每輛汽車車身上，大約有3000~4000個(gè)電阻點(diǎn)焊焊點(diǎn)。在汽車車身裝焊工藝中，點(diǎn)焊工藝仍處于主導(dǎo)地位，電阻點(diǎn)焊技術(shù)的應(yīng)用實(shí)現(xiàn)了汽車車身制造的量產(chǎn)化與自動(dòng)化。
在汽車車身裝焊生產(chǎn)線上使用的電阻點(diǎn)焊設(shè)備，主要有以下三類:
懸掛式點(diǎn)焊機(jī)主要應(yīng)用于車身裝焊生產(chǎn)線上的定位焊工位，或者是用于焊點(diǎn)位置復(fù)雜(不宜實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化)部件的焊接。手工作業(yè)，自動(dòng)化程度低。

多點(diǎn)焊專機(jī)多點(diǎn)焊工藝的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是生產(chǎn)效率高，焊接變形小。其缺點(diǎn)是不能適應(yīng)于多種車型的生產(chǎn)，柔性差。
點(diǎn)焊機(jī)器人點(diǎn)焊機(jī)器人在現(xiàn)代化車身裝焊生產(chǎn)線上被大量采用，可以提高裝焊生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化程度，減輕操作者的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，提高生產(chǎn)效率，保證焊接質(zhì)量。點(diǎn)焊機(jī)器人主要用于車身裝焊的補(bǔ)焊工位、車身總成合焊工位等。而且，由于點(diǎn)焊機(jī)器人的采用，實(shí)現(xiàn)了車身裝焊的柔性化生產(chǎn)方式–多品種、少批量混線生產(chǎn)。

汽車焊接生產(chǎn)線汽車車身裝焊生產(chǎn)中，主要在車架、地板等的主焊工位進(jìn)行手工補(bǔ)焊作業(yè)，在副車架等分總成工件的焊接工位有孤焊機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用。在汽車零部件的生產(chǎn)中平凡地采用了點(diǎn)焊、凸焊、縫焊、對(duì)焊及電弧焊等焊接工藝。例如:橫梁總成托架點(diǎn)焊，傳動(dòng)軸平衡片凸焊，汽車燃油箱縫焊，汽車輪圈連續(xù)閃光對(duì)焊

Welding assembly line

Lujia Tip: The auto welding production line is mainly white body welding, which is composed of the body frame, the engine cover, the trunk lid, and the left and right door outer panel welding assemblies. The car body skeleton structure is composed of floor welding assembly, left and right front longitudinal beam and wheel cover welding assembly, left and right side wall welding assembly, front wall welding assembly, top cover and front and rear beams, tailgate, left and right rear longitudinal beams And the rear wheel cover welding assembly and the rear wall welding assembly.

The auto welding production line is mainly white body welding, which is composed of a body frame, a hood, a trunk lid, and a left and right door outer panel welding assembly. The car body skeleton structure is composed of floor welding assembly, left and right front longitudinal beam and wheel cover welding assembly, left and right side wall welding assembly, front wall welding assembly, top cover and front and rear beams, tailgate, left and right rear longitudinal beams And the rear wheel cover welding assembly and the rear wall welding assembly.
Welding is a necessary process in modern machinery manufacturing and is widely used in auto manufacturing. With the advancement of technology, new welding processes, new materials, and new methods are continuously applied in auto manufacturing. Welding problems of coated steel sheets and light metal materials, polymer materials, composite materials, dissimilar materials, and special materials have proposed new features for automotive welding. challenge. The robotic and automation technology in the welding process of the car has greatly improved the appearance of the welding of the car.

Automotive welding production line
The common welding principle in the body welding technology is actually liquefying the metal, then cooling it and then dissolving it together. The body of the car is welded by four steel plates from top to bottom and left and right. The ordinary welding is spot welding, and the steel plates are connected together by one welding point. Laser welding uses the high temperature of the laser to disrupt the molecular structure of the two steel plates, and the molecules are rearranged to dissolve the molecules in the two steel plates. So physics, laser welding is to turn two steel plates into one steel plate, so it has higher strength than ordinary welding.

Direct welding equipment refers to welding equipment that uses such equipment to bond workpieces together by welding. Direct welding equipment in auto manufacturing includes: hanging spot welding machines, automatic welding, spot welding robots, arc welding robots, Medium frequency welding machine, oil tank automatic seam welding machine, fixed nut projection welding machine, stud welding machine, etc.
Automotive welding production line

Resistance welding of auto body welding includes assembly welding of frame, floor, side wall, door and body assembly, and a large number of resistance spot welding processes are used in the welding production process. According to statistics, there are about 3,000 to 4,000 resistance spot welds on each car body. In the automotive body welding process, the spot welding process is still in a dominant position, and the application of resistance spot welding technology has realized the mass production and automation of auto body manufacturing.
There are three main types of resistance spot welding equipment used in auto body welding production lines:
The hanging spot welder is mainly used for the positioning welding station on the body welding production line, or for the welding of components with complex solder joints (not suitable for automation). Manual work, low degree of automation.

The multi-point welding process of the multi-spot welding machine has the advantages of high production efficiency and small welding deformation. The disadvantage is that it cannot adapt to the production of a variety of models, and the flexibility is poor.

Spot welding robot spot welding robots are widely used in modern body welding production lines, which can improve the automation of welding production, reduce the labor intensity of operators, improve production efficiency and ensure welding quality. Spot welding robots are mainly used for repair welding stations for body welding, body assembly welding stations, etc. Moreover, due to the adoption of the spot welding robot, a flexible production method for body welding is realized – multi-variety and low-volume mixed line production.
In the auto welding production line, the main welding station of the frame, the floor and the like is manually repaired, and the welding station of the sub-frame is divided into the application of the solitary welding robot. Welding processes such as spot welding, projection welding, seam welding, butt welding and arc welding are widely used in the production of automotive parts. For example: beam assembly bracket spot welding, drive shaft balance sheet projection welding, automotive fuel tank seam welding, automotive wheel continuous flash butt welding